Kolanu Bharathi Saraswathi Temple: Andhra’s Hidden Seat of Wisdom in Nallamala Forest

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Location

  • Temple Name: Kolanu Bharathi Saraswathi Temple
  • District: Kurnool
  • State: Andhra Pradesh
  • Setting: Nestled in the hills of the Nallamala forest, about 20 km from Atmakur and 4 km from Sivapuram village
  • The temple is surrounded by dense greenery and a serene stream (kolanu), which gives the temple its name.

Main Deity

  • Presiding Deity: Sri Bharathi Devi – a regional form of Goddess Saraswathi, the deity of wisdom, learning, and arts
  • The idol is revered for initiating children into education through the sacred ritual of Aksharabhyasam.

Subshrines and Temple Complex

The temple complex is spiritually diverse and includes:

  • Sapta Linga Kshetram – Seven Shiva Lingas representing different aspects of Lord Shiva
  • Sri Kaala Bhairava Swamy – Guardian deity (Kshetra Paalaka) of the temple, worshipped for protection and removal of fear
  • Sacred Pond (Kolanu) – A perennial stream forms a natural water body near the temple, adding to its sanctity and name

Temple Significance

  • Cultural Importance: This is one of the few Saraswathi temples in Andhra Pradesh, especially prominent after the state bifurcation.
  • Spiritual Magnetism: Devotees visit for Aksharabhyasam, Saraswathi Puja, and Shivaratri celebrations, making it a hub for both Shaiva and Shakta traditions.
  • Architectural Beauty: The temple features intricate carvings, mythological sculptures, and a tranquil ambiance that enhances the devotional experience.
  • Pilgrimage Value: Though relatively remote, it draws seekers of knowledge, students, and spiritual aspirants from across the region.

History

  • The temple dates back to the 11th century, during the reign of Chalukya king Mallabhupati, who is credited with its construction.
  • It has long served as a sacred center for education and spiritual initiation, especially for children beginning their learning journey through Aksharabhyasam.
  • After the bifurcation of Andhra Pradesh, Kolanu Bharathi became the only Saraswathi temple in the state, enhancing its cultural and devotional significance.

Legends

  • According to local lore, Saraswathi Devi manifested here as Bharathi, near a sacred stream (kolanu) to protect the sages performing penance in the Nallamala forest.
  • The name “Kolanu Bharathi” is derived from this stream, and over time, evolved through local dialects from Kolla to Kollam to Kollan Bharathi.
  • Another legend says that the Sapta Rishis performed a yagna here, and Goddess Bharathi appeared to bless the site with divine knowledge.

Architecture

  • The temple is built in traditional South Indian style, with a modest yet spiritually charged layout nestled in the Nallamala hills.
  • It features:
    • A sanctum housing the serene idol of Saraswathi Devi, depicted with Abhaya Mudra, scriptures, and no veena, which is unique to this temple.
    • A natural pond (kolanu) that flows year-round, adding to the temple’s sanctity and name.
    • The Sapta Linga Kshetram, seven Shiva shrines arranged around the main temple, each representing a different form of Lord Shiva.
    • A shrine for Kaala Bhairava, the fierce guardian deity, placed strategically to protect the temple complex.

Rituals

  • Aksharabhyasam:
    • The most prominent ritual here, where children are initiated into learning by writing their first letters in rice.
    • Performed year-round, especially auspicious during Vasant Panchami and Saraswathi Puja days.
  • Daily Puja:
    • Traditional Archana, Abhishekam, and Alankaram to Goddess Bharathi Devi.
    • Offerings include books, pens, and educational tools symbolizing the pursuit of knowledge.
  • Kaala Bhairava Puja:
    • Devotees offer prayers to Kaala Bhairava Swamy, the temple’s guardian, for protection and removal of fear.
  • Sapta Linga Darshanam:
    • Pilgrims visit the seven Shiva Lingas (Sapta Linga Kshetram) around the temple, often as part of a pradakshina ritual.

Festivals

  • Vasant Panchami:
    • Celebrated with grandeur as the birthday of Goddess Saraswathi.
    • Thousands of devotees perform Aksharabhyasam and offer yellow-colored sweets and clothes.
  • Saraswathi Navaratri:
    • Nine-day festival culminating in Vijaya Dashami, ideal for beginning new learning journeys.
    • Special homams and cultural programs are held.
  • Shivaratri:
    • Major festival for the Sapta Linga shrines, with night-long vigils, bhajans, and abhishekams.
  • Guru Purnima & Full Moon Days:
    • Devotees offer prayers to seek blessings for wisdom and spiritual growth.

Beliefs

  • Goddess Bharathi Devi is believed to be a Swayambhu (self-manifested) form of Saraswathi, who appeared to protect sages performing penance in the Nallamala forest.
  • The temple is considered the “Andhra Bhasara”, especially after the bifurcation of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.
  • Devotees believe that worshipping here removes obstacles in education, improves memory, and grants clarity in speech and thought.
  • The Kolanu (stream) near the temple is considered sacred, and bathing in it before darshan is believed to purify the mind.

Temple Hours

  • Open Daily: 8:00 AM to 1:00 PM, 2:30 PM to 5:00 PM
  • Best Time for Aksharabhyasam: Morning hours between 8:00 AM and 11:00 AM
  • Festivals & Special Days: Extended hours during Vasant Panchami, Sharannavaratri, and Shivaratri

Getting Here

  • Nearest Town: Atmakur – approx. 20 km away
  • Nearest Village: Sivapuram – just 4 km from the temple
  • Route:
    • From Kurnool, drive towards Atmakur via NH-40
    • From Atmakur, take the forest road toward Sivapuram and follow signs to Kolanu Bharathi
    • The temple is nestled in the Nallamala forest, so expect scenic but slightly rugged terrain
  • Transport Tips:
    • Private vehicles or hired taxis are recommended due to limited public transport
    • Local guides or villagers can assist with directions and water collection from the sacred kolanu stream

Tips

  • Aksharabhyasam Kits Available: The temple provides all materials for the ritual at nominal charges
  • Combine Your Visit: Nearby Sangameshwara Temple (25 km away) is also worth visiting for its spiritual and architectural beauty
  • Clothing & Footwear: Wear modest, traditional attire; remove footwear before entering the sanctum
  • Carry Essentials: Water, snacks, and basic medical supplies—especially if traveling with children or elders
  • Stay Options: Lodging is best arranged in Kurnool or Atmakur, as the temple area is remote
  • Local Belief: Drinking water from the kolanu stream is said to enhance memory and intellect in children

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